Miracles of the Quran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Supernatural occurrences of the Quran - Essay Example It was uncovered piecemeal to him in twenty three years, beginning from when he was forty, till he passed on at the age of sixty three. The book was not gathered during his lifetime, with numerous Muslims retaining it by heart; a few years a short time later, a great deal of these memorizers, or Hafiz, were killed in fight, consequently, the Muslim Caliph Usman chose to get it assembled. The accumulation of Quran in its current structure was, consequently, done under the Caliphate of Usman. The Muslims accept that the Quran is the immediate expression of God. They accept that the heavenly attendant Gabriel, or Jibra’eel, went to the Prophet Muhammad and uncovered the expression of God to him, which the last spread among his adherents. Muslims further accept that the expression of God, the Quran, is uncovered to be a wellspring of direction and course for all mankind. The way that they think of it as the last disclosure of God to humanity further specifies that Muslims believe this to be the last direction sent to man from God. This involves they spend their lives attempting to live as indicated by the decrees of the Quran, and attempting to carry their lives as near the orders of the Quran as could be expected under the circumstances. The Muslims believe this to be a book from God for a various of reasons. One explanation, as is advanced in the Quran itself, is that such a book, with its idyllic and phenomenal nature would never be created by man. In the subsequent Chapter, or Surah, of the Quran (the Cow, or Al-Baqarah), it is said â€Å"And if ye are in question concerning what We have uncovered every now and then to Our worker, at that point produce a Sura like thereunto; and call your observers or partners (if there are any) other than Allah, if your (questions) are true† (section 23). Besides, the Muslims accept that there have been extraordinary cases in the Quran that are further demonstration of it being the expression of God. These rememb er different forecasts or predictions for the Quran that were later satisfied. One such prescience identifies with the body of the Pharaoh (the Pharaoh said to have abused the Jews); while relating the narrative of his demise, God consequently addresses the Pharaoh in the Quran â€Å"This day will We spare thee in the body, that thou mayest be an indication to the individuals who come after thee! in any case, verily, numerous among humankind are remiss of Our Signs!† (10: 92). The embalmed body of a Pharaoh in an Egyptian Museum in Cairo is said to have been that of a similar Pharaoh, therefore the Quran’s prediction with respect to his body being saved has demonstrated to have worked out. Further, a couple of years after the Byzantines had been crushed by the Persians totally, a disclosure of the Quran said â€Å"The Roman Empire has been vanquished †In a land close by; yet they, (considerably) after (this) thrashing of theirs will before long be triumphant â₠¬ inside a couple years†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (60: 2-4). This appeared to be outlandish as the Byzantines had caused substantial misfortunes and the Empire appeared to be near the very edge of all out destruction, in any case, a couple of years after this disclosure, the Persians were, surely, vanquished by the Byzantines. Additionally, in Chapter 48 of the Quran, a prediction is given in regards to the taking of Mecca: â€Å"†¦ye will enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah wills, with minds secure, heads shaved, hair style short, and without fear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (27). Some time a short time later, Mecca was for sure vanquished by Muhammad and his devotees, and they entered the Sacred Mosque, or Kaaba, in a similar condition portrayed in this. Additionally, there have been a few proclamations in the Quran that have been as of late demonstrated to be experimentally precise. For instance, when a refrain of the Quran says â€Å"By the Firmament which returns (in its round)† (86: 11) and â€Å"

7 Similar but Distinct Word Pairs

7 Similar however Distinct Word Pairs 7 Similar however Distinct Word Pairs 7 Similar however Distinct Word Pairs By Mark Nichol Copy, sound-the same words can create turmoil. Note the differentiations between each pair of terms recorded beneath: 1. Renounce and Adjure Recant, from Latin by method of French, implies â€Å"to deny† or â€Å"to renounce,† or â€Å"to avoid.† Adjure, which took a similar course to English, implies â€Å"to confirm† or â€Å"to command,† or â€Å"to prompt or urge.† In certain faculties, in this manner, they are close to antonyms. (That’s consistent: Ab-implies â€Å"from† and advertisement implies â€Å"to.†) However, they do share a root syllable, a similar one that is the premise of jury, law, just, equity, and different terms from the domain of law. 2. Abrade and Chaff Abrade, eventually got from the Latin expression calefacere, â€Å"to make warm or hot,† initially implied only that, yet at that point, from the additional feeling of â€Å"rubbing to make warm,† it obtained the negative undertones of â€Å"make sore by rubbing† and afterward, by affiliation, â€Å"irritate.† Chaff, a disconnected word, originates from Old English and alludes to seed husks and, by expansion, anything disposed of as useless. By relationship with the haze of husks and different flotsam and jetsam delivered during sifting of grain, explosions of little pieces of metal launched out from airplane to meddle with adversary radar is called debris. 3. Uneasiness and Discomfit These comparative looking words have comparative implications, yet it was not generally so. Distress is the antonym of the word at last originating from the Latin expression confortare, which means â€Å"to strengthen.† (Fort is additionally the foundation of, well, fortress, just as determination.) Discomfit, from the French word desconfit, which means â€Å"defeated† (its Latin root implies â€Å"to make†), was debilitated by bogus relationship with inconvenience to mean â€Å"frustrate† or â€Å"perplex.† Unlike the antonym for uneasiness, comfit (â€Å"to make†) isn't an antonym; it alludes to sweetened organic product. Comfiture, in any case, is an uncommon equivalent importance â€Å"an demonstration of support.† 4. Perspicacious and Perspicuous The two words come from the Latin expression perspicere, which means â€Å"looking through,† which is additionally the wellspring of point of view. (The component spic, from specare, which means â€Å"look at,† is likewise the base of display and hypothesis.) However, the implications are unmistakable: A perspicacious individual is one who is clever or intellectually alert; the quality so exhibited is perspicacity. A perspicuous contention is one that is obviously clear and exact. 5. Practicable and Practical Something practicable is usable or doable, while something pragmatic is helpful a slight yet noteworthy differentiation. Practicable is utilized to allude to something that is or should be possible (â€Å"a practicable policy†), while down to earth is related with activity or use: A commonsense umbrella is one that shields downpour from falling on you in the downpour; an unrealistic one is enhancing however not durable or waterproof enough for useful use. 6. Turbid and Turgid Turbid alludes to a satisfy of darkness, mistiness, or lack of definition; its Latin source is turba, which means â€Å"confusion.† Turgid, from the Latin expression turgidus, which means â€Å"swollen,† implies only that or, by augmentation, â€Å"embellished† or â€Å"pompous,† in that a bloated discourse, for instance, is conveyed by an individual swollen with gaudiness. 7. Waiver and Waver Waiver, alluding to deserting or surrender, is from an Anglo-French word meaning â€Å"to abandon.† Waver, likely from the Old English term waefre, which implies â€Å"restless,† implies â€Å"to act indecisively.† The last term is in this manner most likely identified with the action word wave, which means â€Å"to move back and forth,† and a similar word as a thing, alluding to the demonstration of waving or to something that moves to and fro, similar to a sea wave or a radio wave. You’ll discover conversations of numerous other effortlessly befuddled words via looking on this site for the words â€Å"commonly confused† or for the particular words. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Misused Words classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:100 Exquisite Adjectives50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy ProductsIs Your Novel Secret, Spine chiller, or Tension?

The Lives of Literary Wives

The Lives of Literary Wives Twenty years ago, when we first lived together, the thought of typing my now-husbands stories was so romantic to me that I almost couldn’t bear it. I even bought him a tape recorder so that he could dictate stories and ideas for me to later type up. This plan did not go well, as he is perfectly capable of typing and in fact does so faster than he can speak and only slightly slower than he can think. We abandoned it quickly, and I was devoted enough to be disappointed. The thing is, I was a writer too. So why did I want to prioritize his work? I still don’t know the answer, but I have discovered that A) this is common behavior among literary wives, and B) I am totally fucking over it and over literary husbands in general. Vera Nabokov I had not, at the time, heard of Vera Nabokov (though I had read Lolita after my high school crush said it made her think of me, a comment that I have never figured out or gotten over), but if I had, that’s who I would have been trying to emulate. Vera met her husband Vladimir through her publisher father. According to a single clause in a single sentence on her Wikipedia page, she had a budding writing career at the time, which never went any further. (It doesnt even merit a full sentence!) She worked as a secretary and translator to pay the bills, and did the same for Vlad (for no money), while raising their son (presumably with no help from him) and keeping house (she said badly, I say who gives a damn). She also learned to drive so she could be his chauffeur, and carried a handgun as his acting bodyguard. I infer from everything I’ve read that she also performed extensive emotional labor, preventing him repeatedly from burning his drafts of Lolita (which was, in hindsight, a mistake). People in relationships make choices that sometimes do not look equitable or reasonable from the outside. I try very hard not to judge, but it is difficult when a marriage is, to my eyes, so dreadfully unbalanced. What on earth did Vlad do for Vera? I can find no evidence of anything whatsoever. I can also find no evidence of her writing, or of her aspirations prior to meeting Vlad. I am very tired when I think about Vera. Sylvia Plath There is a passage in The Bell Jar that absolutely knocked me on the floor when I first read it: But an English major who knew shorthand was something else again. Everybody would want her. She would be in demand among all the up-and-coming young men and she would transcribe thrilling letter after thrilling letter. The trouble was, I hated the idea of serving men in any way. I wanted to dictate my own thrilling letters. There is no question that The Bell Jar is fairly autobiographical, and there is no question that Sylvia Plath died by suicide a few years into an attempt at being a writer and a mother and the wife of a writer. It has, somewhat recently, come to light via Sylvias letters that Ted Hughes was abusive, which I personally think should have been obvious already but I suppose it’s helpful in some abstract way to know it for sure. I am a writer and a mother and the wife of a writer, and I want to dictate my own thrilling letters. I don’t want to be Vera, I want to have a Vera. But it turns out that Veras are still by and large only available to men. This phenomenon is evident particularly in the way that (male) writers thank their spouses in the acknowledgments of their books. #ThanksForTyping A few years ago, Alexis Coe wrote in Lenny Letter about the disconnect she had noticed, where male writers thank their wives for support (i.e. doing everything so they can write) and female writers rarely do the same (most likely because they are writing and caring for the children and doing the laundry and cooking and cleaning and cetera.) Where can I get a research assistant slash editor slash (I assume) sex goddess, please? Nearly a year later, Bruce Holziger tweeted about a verrrry similar discoveryâ€"specifically, that men are thanking wives for typing their manuscripts, something that apparently these male writers are too important and/or inept to doâ€"and got a lot more attention, spawning a hashtag (#ThanksForTyping) and a Buzzfeed article that featured a depressing assortment of tweets using the hashtag. (I could go on for several paragraphs here about how a woman wrote it first but when a man said something it got widespread attention, but, well. Those paragraphs would be better summed up by an emoji of a trash can or possibly a smiling poop.) Jodi FUCKING Picoult, Shirley Jackson, and Anita Loos What I want to know is: who would I thank in my acknowledgments? Without a Vera, how will I ever write enough to be worth anything? To even have acknowledgments? Where will I dictate my thrilling letters? Is there even any point in trying? I guess I want to be the imaginary male author described by Rufi Thorpe in her devastating essay Mother, Writer, Monster, Maid: “Your father is Jodi FUCKING Picoult.” (If you click only one link in this essay, let it be that one.) But Jodi Picoult manages to have a writing career without a Vera (or, put another way, acting as her own Vera), and so have many other literary wives, including Shirley Jackson, whose husband Stanley Hyman was The Worst. Stanley, who somehow was better-known during their lifetimes than she was, took great pride in never having changed a diaper (they had four children), and while that was de rigueur for the time, he also could not boil an egg, make toast, or even pour his own coffee. (Source: Ruth Franklins biography A Rather Haunted Life and Shirleys “fictional” family stories, Life Among the Savages and Raising Demons). Shirley did everything for him and the children, kept house, entertained, and wrote nonstop, while Stanley occasionally wrote for The New Yorker, having affairs in the New York literary scene. Later, he taught at a womens college, having affairs with his students (he did not believe in monogamy or care that his wife wanted it). Stanley, at least (and I do mean least), did not make any effort to stop Shirleys writing career; in fact, they met because he read a story of hers and declared that he was going to marry the author. Compare him to Ted Hughes, or perhaps to John Emerson, who went so far to discourage his wife Anita Loos from having a career as to fake an illness in an attempt to prevent her traveling. Like Hughes and Hyman, he was also unfaithful to his wife. #MeToo In the last few years, we have seen a landslide of mens careers being put on pause (though most of them have quickly resurfaced) due to the way theyve treated women and young boys as sex toys instead of people. Inevitably, a backlash has begun of people crying, “But what of their talent?!” as though somehow the world needs the art of abusers more than it needs that of the abused. Shirley died and Stanley immediately remarried. Sylvia died and Ted went on to publish poems for 35 years, both his own and Sylvias (taking the profits, of course, and edited as he saw fit). Anita suffered for decades, lost most of her money to Emerson, attempted multiple times to divorce him (he refused), and finally went off and enjoyed a successful Hollywood career as a screenwriter in spite of him (she managed, at least, to outlive him by 25 years). I still like my husband. He works a full-time job and comes home and does half the housework. Well, more than half. Most of the housework. Hes an equal parent and does not expect me to be his typist. And yet I find it difficult to not resent the fact that I once wanted to be his goddamn secretary.

PHP Source Code Isnt Viewable; Only HTML Code

With many websites, you can use your browser or another program to view the documents source code. This is a common occurrence  by viewers who want to see how a website developer accomplished a feature on a website. Anyone can view all the HTML that was used to create the page, but even if the web page contains PHP code, you can only view the HTML code and the results of the PHP code, not the code itself. Why PHP Code Isnt Viewable All PHP scripts are executed on the server before the website is delivered to the site viewer. By the time the data gets to the reader, all that is left is the HTML code. This is why a person cant go to a .php website page, save the file and expect it to work. They can save the HTML and see the results of PHP scripts, which are embedded inside the HTML after the code is executed, but the script itself is safe from curious eyes. Here is a test: The result is  PHP Code Test, but the code that generates it isnt viewable. Although you can see that there must be PHP code at work on the page, when you view the document source, you only see PHP Code Test because the rest is just instructions for the server and is not passed on to the viewer. In this  test scenario, only the text is sent to the users browser. The end user never sees the code.

Food Is The Highest Sign Of Igbo Hospitality - 910 Words

Food is a main part of our daily life that brings our families together at least once a day to reconnect. It does not only keep us alive and functioning, but it helps us to learn and immerse ourselves into other cultures. Food can symbolize different things in a certain culture, such as a holiday or a celebration of some sort. An example is that on Jewish Passover each of the foods during the Seder meal have a specific meaning, and is eaten to help with the remembrance of certain events in their cultural history. Food can also show different cultures customs and their perceptions of what good manners are. In the Igbo culture, food is mentioned quite often, especially around times of celebration. It brings people together to share one common thing, their desire for delicious foods. The different food each have different meanings. Igbo people use their food to show gratitude, hospitality, and to express certain customs. For example, the Kola Nut is the highest sign of Igbo hospitality. But, receiving a Kola Nut was only a privilege for the men of the village, not the women. They would first bless the Kola Nut, then break it, and lastly distribute it. Another food that is mentioned quite a bit throughout Things Fall Apart and that has quite a significance is Palm wine. Palm wine is mostly mentioned whenever one of the main characters has someone inside their home, during times of celebration, and also during the time after Ikemefuna’s death. An example of when the palm wineShow MoreRelatedFood Is The Highest Sign Of Igbo Hospitality908 Words   |  4 PagesFood is main part of our daily lives that brings our families together at least once a day to reconnect. It does not only keep us alive and functioning, but it helps us to learn and immerse ourselves into other cultures. Food can symbolize different things in a certain culture, such as a holiday or a celebration of some sort. An example is that on Jewish Passover each of the foods during the Seder meal have a specific meaning, and is eaten to help with the remembrance of certain events in their culturesRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 PagesonaryDictionary of Ònà ¬Ã¯â‚¬ ¬chà   Igbo 2nd edition of the Igbo dictionary, Kay Williamson, Ethiope Press, 1972. Kay Williamson († ) This version prepared and edited by Roger Blench Roger Blench Mallam Dendo 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail R.Blench@odi.org.uk http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm To whom all correspondence should be addressed. This printout: November 16, 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations:Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesin quantity was also a transformation in quality. Migrations were inseparable from unprecedented urbanization and population growth, the expansion of industrial production and global markets, the spread of wage labor, the growth and extraction of food and resources to feed those workers, the revolution of transportation technologies, and the accompanying creation of an international system of nation states, borders, and population management techniques. Cities were the epicenter of this world

Strategic Analysis Free Essays

Introduction to Business Submitted to: Miss. Rabia Hassan Assignment # 1 Section: K Topic: Strategic Alliance Tata and Starbucks Group Members: * Khubaib Yaqub * Rana Zeeshan * Momna Ahmad * Iqra Pervaiz * Aimen Naqvi * Iqra Tariq * Huma Akram TATA Coffee and STARBUCKS Indian Coffee Industry: India is the fifth largest producer of coffee in the world, producing more than four percent of the world’s coffee, with the bulk production in southern states. In India the average coffee consumption per day is estimated to be ten cups per day. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Only India produces its coffee in indoor facility. Indian coffee has a unique historic flavor and aroma. Tata Coffee: Tata produces coffee on its private land. They process the beans and export green coffee. Tata also manufacture and exports Instant coffee. Starbucks: Starbucks is an International chain of coffee and coffeehouse based in Seattle and Washington. Starbucks prefers quality over price and is specialized in coffee and related beverages. Starbucks does the business of coffee, Italian-style espresso beverages, cold blended beverages, high quality teas and coffee related equipment and accessories. About the Deal: Starbucks is joining hands with Tata to set up stores in Tata group’s retail outlets and hotels other then sourcing and roasting beans at Tata Coffees Kodagu facility with its particular process. The deal includes opening cafes, roasting and sourcing beans. Both Tata and Starbucks will have to solve the franchisee-led business model of Starbucks. Both companies have agreed to set up a 50:50% joint venture of growing hot beverages in India Market with a name called â€Å"Tata Starbucks Ltd†. Starbucks will be operated and owned across India through this venture. Their brand name will be named as Starbucks Coffee â€Å"A Tata Alliance†. Tata and Starbucks have agreed to open 50 cafes in several cities of India in 2012 starting with Delhi and Mumbai. Youth of India has increased the use of western Coffee Cafes. In India competitors of Starbucks includes Barista, Cafe coffee Day and Costa Coffee. Together Tata and Starbucks will control a market of Coffee Cafes which is estimated at over Rs. 700 crore a year. The agreement of separate roasting and sourcing between Tata Coffee Ltd and Starbucks Coffee Company Ltd in future will roast coffee to supply to Tata Starbucks and will export to Starbucks Coffee Company for its overseas operations. India produces Coffee over Rs. 3, 000 crore a year. Objectives of Tata Coffee behind this Deal: * Opportunity for TATA coffee to provide roasted coffee beans to Starbucks in India. * Get a chance to jointly invest in facility for export to other market. * Starbucks will provide new technology to the promotion of responsible agronomy practices. * A long term relationship will be formed with this MOU signed with Starbucks. * Tata coffee becomes Asia’s biggest publicly traded coffee grower. Vision: * Tata coffee will become the preferred choice in elite market. Customer satisfaction, centricity, quality, sustainability, and an engaged workforce will be our drivers to achieve Rs. 1, 000 crore enterprise by 2015. * In Future Tata coffee shall be perceived as one of the most respected organizations in the plantation and extraction business. Mission: * To simantinaously improve value to stakeholders through our operations while ensuring and improving the ecological wealth entrusted t o us. * Enhance quality of life of the people. * Be an exemplary corporate citizen having Tata values with total commitment to the communities in which we operate. | Values: * Integrity * Understanding * Excellence * Unity * Responsibility * Safe working Environment| | | | | Objectives of Starbucks Behind this deal: * Through this MOU Starbucks will be able to India’s market. * India can be a useful source of coffee in domestic market for Starbucks. * Starbucks will have the opportunity to get the knowhow of India market through Tata Global Beverages. * There will be synergy because Tata also has a business I retail market. Mission Statement: To establish Starbucks as the premier producer and provider of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles as we grow. Environmental Mission Statement: * To understand and share environmental problems. * Inventing a flexible solution to bring a change. * Revolutionise to buy and sell products which are environment friendly. * Recognizing that fiscal responsibility is essential to our environmental future. * Instilling environmental responsibility as a corporate value. Guiding Principles: * To be assertive and provide a good working environment. An essential way of our business is to discourage discrimination. * Apply the highest standards of excellence to the purchasing, roasting, and fresh delivery of our coffee. * Making the customers enthusiastically satisfied. * Positive contribution towards communities and our environment. * To understand that profitability is essential to our future success. Advantages: * Tata and Starbucks both are the compan ies are leading in their sector respectively. * It is going to be a social project in India. * High quality green coffee beans are going to be produced. Considered jointly investing in additional facilities for exports to other markets. * Sources will be utilized by both in encouraging core competency. * The consumption of coffee is expected to grow at 6% annually. * Other companies can also approach Tata coffee for their raw product. * With the help of this deal Tata coffee will enhance to the branded coffee retail market. Competitive Advantage of Tata Coffee: Tata has maintained a strict consistency in quality whereas Tata is the world’s largest indoor coffee plantation company producing heavy quantity of special, strain specific and premium coffee. Tata’s coffee has a major consumption in Arabic-centric markets. Competitive advantage of Starbucks: Starbucks has the largest number of coffee houses in the world having a very strong brand image. They have loyal customers all around the world. Disadvantages: * The selling price of Starbucks is not cheap. * The entry of Starbucks has on the out-of-home coffee consumption market and this will effect alliance of Tata coffee with Barista. * There is no exclusivity for each other from both sides. * The demand I India is highly elastic so Starbucks will have to address its pricing issues. There are several competitions in the segment of Starbucks. * Coffee price continue to rule at historical laws and this definitely has an effect on the bottom line of Tata coffee. Conclusion: * This deal will be beneficial for both Tata and Starbucks as it is opening new phases for both. * Starbucks will be able to enter India’s market after having the MOU signed. * Tata will have the oppo rtunity to enter into retail outlet business by joining hands with Starbucks. * A Revolution will take place in India’s coffee retail outlet business. How to cite Strategic Analysis, Essay examples

Washington Irving Essays - The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow,

Washington Irving Washington Irving was the first native American to succeed as a professional writer. He remains important as a pioneer in American humor and the development of the short story. Irving was greatly admired and imitated in the 19th century. Toward the end of his career, his reputation declined due to the sentimentality and excessive gentility of much of his work ("Irving" 479). Washington Irving's time spent in the Hudson Valley and abroad contributed to his writing of The Devil and Tom Walker, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, and Rip Van Winkle. Irving was born in New York City on April 3, 1783, the youngest of eleven children in a merchant family. Unlike his brothers, Irving did not attend nearby Columbia College, instead he was apprenticed in 1801 to a lawyer. In 1806, he passed the bar examination, but remained financially dependent on his family until the publication of The Sketch Book. In the meantime, Irving did odd jobs for the family as agent and lobbyist. It seems like he worked as little as possible, and for years pursued an amateur or semiprofessional interest in literature ("Irving" 479). In his free time, he read avidly and wandered when he could in the misty, rolling Hudson River valley, an area steeped in local folklore and legend that would serve as an inspiration for his later writings. ("Washington Irving" DISC) At nineteen, Mr. Irving began writing satirical letters under the pseudonym "Jonathan Oldstyle." He wrote to a newspaper owned by his brother Peter, named the New York Morning Chronicle. His first book, Salmagundi, was a collaboration with another brother, William and their friend James Kirke Paulding. This book satirized early New York theater and poked fun at the political, social, and cultural life of the city. Washington Irving's second book, A History of New York, from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty, is narrated by the fictitious Diedrich Knickerbocker. This book is a comical, deliberately inaccurate account of New York's Dutch colonization ("Washington Irving" DISC). Knickerbocker History and the almost thirty parts of Irving's next critically acclaimed book, The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., show that his roots in New York and travels abroad gave him the basis for these works. The lively story of "The Devil and Tom Walker" is the story of Tom Walker, his termagant wife, and their separate confrontations with the devil. The New England folk tale is told with very little addition says Sara Rodes: Irving could have heard this tale in New York as well as in new England, for the general picture of the sharp "Yankee" represented by Tom Walker fitted well into the New Yorkers' idea of the new England character. Irving also uses the folk tradition as a base for his own imaginings rather than keeping close to the folk versions for the whole story. However, he always keeps much of the true folk spirit in his stories no matter how much he may add and romanticize. He often eliminates the roughness of the folk version but his folk lore is authentic and his use of it legitimate. (248) In this folk tale we see again that Mr. Irving has used his background to basically retell a story that he might have heard as a child. Also in, "The Devil and Tom Walker," which, despite its wildly improbable plot, foreshadows the best of Hawthornes's fictional exposure of Yankee shrewdness and Puritan hypocrisy (Ferguson 391). The Sketch Book, also contains the classic tale of "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." This is the story of Ichabod Crane, which is from Hebrew meaning "inglorious," or literally, "without honor" (Bone 4). Ichabod's encounter with the Headless Horseman is the dramatic climax of the story. In the folktale of German origin Irving has once again transplanted the story to take places in the Hudson Valley of New York and achieved something more than the routine tale of suspense or the bizarre anecdote ("Irving" 480). His descriptions of Sleepy Hollow and the people were so realistic and homey that old timers of the lower Hudson River claimed to have known Brom Bones himself (Rodes 248). ". . . Irving is thoroughly capable of creating pure fiction form his own imagination. He is especially good at elaborating and embroidering the skeleton of a local folk tradition . . .," says Sara Rodes (247). Another tale from The Sketch Book, "Rip Van Winkle" is an American version of an ancient folk tale

Andromeda Strain essays

Andromeda Strain essays Michael Crichton uses three common devices with ease in his novel, Sphere. The devices being: rhetoric, semantics, and style. Crichton uses these devices to incorporate a sense of unity in the writing. It is not difficult to incorporate this unity into a novel when the devices are properly used. When doing so, they flow together to create a more visual experience for the reader. These devices of writing are what create the environment for an understandable, yet interesting storyline. Rhetoric is the art of using language effectively and persuasively. In doing so, the use of rhetoric fits in with how the writer of the story thinks and speaks. Crichton is an intellectual, yet he does not write in a sense where the reader cannot understand. He chooses to discuss many intellectual concepts, but in the process, Crichton makes them easy to understand by explaining them simply. The wasnt geometric. And it wasnt amorphous or organic, either. It was hard to say what it was. (Crichton, 117) In this excerpt, Crichton makes reference to a pattern. He describes it enough to leave the feeling of not knowing what it is besides just a simple pattern. Therefore, creating the feeling in which the characters feel. Semantics refer to the study of language forms. In Sphere, the language is not too different. Every character in the novel is in fact an intellectual in one form or another. They speak correct grammar, and communicate well with each other. The social environment, which is formed, makes for smooth transitions of communication. The linguistics Crichton chose to use made the novel more appealing to the average reader. Style can be defined as the way the author chooses to portray the characters and setting in his story. Crichton picks a parallel in his novel. The plot of Sphere deals with space exploration and alien existence. Yet Crichton does not put the setting in outer space, but in the dee...

Your Comprehensive Guide to Negotiating Salary

Your Comprehensive Guide to Negotiating Salary No matter what your job, no matter what your industry, you have something in common with everyone else: you want to make more money as you move through your career. (Living the dream!) Similarly, the way to get there is pretty universal as well: learning how to negotiate your workplace value into cash money. Whether you’re already in a job and you’re seeking a raise, or you’ve just gotten a job offer and want to maximize your starting salary, there are tools to keep in your belt for negotiating your salary. 1. Negotiating Salary When You’ve Just Gotten a Job Offer  a.   When Should You Start Negotiating?  b.   What Tools Should You Have Ready to Go?  c.   How Should You Approach the Negotiation?  d.   When Do You Settle? Or, When Do You Walk Away?  e.   What Mistakes Are Lurking?  2. Negotiating Salary If  You’re Looking for a Raise/Promotion  a.  When Should You Start Negotiating?  b.  What Tools Should You Have Rea dy to Go?  c.  How Should You Approach It?  d.  When Do You Settle? Or, When Do You Walk Away?  How to Negotiate If You’ve Just Gotten a Job OfferCongratulations! Score! You’ve outwitted, outlasted, and outplayed your competitors to get to the end. (Oh wait, that’s Survivor.) Now after you’ve had a glass of champagne (or the fizzy celebratory beverage of your choice), don’t get too complacent- you’ve still got one more stage: the salary negotiation.  Business.com has a great overview of the process:When Should You Start Negotiating?You should wait until you have your job offer in hand. Mention money too early, and you run the risk of giving information that could limit your salary ceiling (like what you were earning previously, or what you’d be willing to accept now). It could also be a turn-off for the hiring company†¦you don’t want to seem too mercenary before you even have the job. During the interview phase s, focus on your attributes and experience, and on getting hired.Once you’ve received an offer, then it’s time to start negotiating your salary.What Tools Should You Have Ready to Go?  As you get ready for battle, here are three things to have at the top of your mind.1. A target salary rangeWhile you shouldn’t actually mention salary while you’re interviewing, you should definitely start thinking about the best-case scenario (job offer and salary negotiation stage) ahead of time. Part of that is doing your homework on what you’re worth, professionally.There are tons of resources online that can help you drill down into your specific industry and job, and find at least a range that feels comfortable based on your experience level. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics has baseline government data on salaries and career outlooks for various industries. Sites like Payscale.com, Salary.com, and GlassDoor.com can help you zoom in on your professional wo rth as well, aggregating data about real people’s salaries in various industries. You want your expectations to be realistic, so gather as much info as you can about the salaries attached to your new role (or similar jobs in the industry), for people at your experience level.2. Your selling points (which are now justification points)In addition to having a dollar range in mind, you should keep your resume and interview talking points handy as well. It may seem like those are old news after you aced your interview, but you should have a ready list of all of your accomplishments and experience to bolster any requests for a higher salary.3. Intangibles And don’t forget that while we call this â€Å"salary† negotiation, it’s about your entire compensation package at your new job. That includes yes, your baseline salary, but also vacation time, flexible work arrangements, paid leave, and other benefits. These may take a backseat to the official dollar amount, but they’re great to have as an additional bargaining chip- especially if the company proves unwilling or unable to meet your goal salary. You can try to get additional time off, or work-from-home arrangements to compensate for a slightly lower salary.4. Your dealbreaker amount Unfortunately, some negotiations won’t work out. As part of your salary range, you should also keep the lower limit in mind- the number where, if the salary falls below it and can’t budge upward, you can’t move forward with this new job.How Should You Approach the Negotiation?Some companies will include a salary offer with the official job offer. In this case, you would use that number as a starting point, or an â€Å"anchor.† If you get an offer without a dollar amount attached, you get to throw out a number as the anchor. Again (and I can’t emphasize this enough), be realistic. If you’re going for a mid-level management position and you walk in asking for a g iant signing bonus and a Ferrari, you might be laughed right out of your job offer.According to recruiter Nick Corcodilos, a goal to keep in mind for switching jobs is about a 20% increase in salary. That may or may not be realistic depending on your industry or your new company’s economic situation, but think of it as an ideal-world guideline.Either way, once the initial dollar amounts is out there, don’t accept the first offer from your new company. You won’t lose your job offer just for negotiating- it’s a commonplace part of the hiring process these days. Send a counteroffer, and go from there.To see how salary negotiations can play out, career author Ramit Sethi has a no-holds-barred approach in this video negotiation re-enactment:When Do You Settle? Or, When Do You Walk Away?As Kenny Rogers once told us, part of the game is knowing when to fold ‘em. Negotiation for a new job is a form of gambling- there’s no guarantee the company will m eet your salary request. If their initial and subsequent offers fall below what you are able to accept, then it’s okay to turn down the job offer and walk away. If you really need or want this job, and the salary offer falls substantially short, try to use that â€Å"intangibles† chip and try to bolster things like vacation time or job title as a way to offset the salary before you accept the offer.  Also, don’t let the process drag out indefinitely. The company is clearly interested in filling this role as soon as possible, and you want things to move along as well. Expect the process to advance over a short period of time†¦possibly a few days. Once you know things aren’t going to work, it’s better to put that out there and get the inevitable end out of the way.What Mistakes Are Lurking?Here are some of the top mistakes people make in negotiating a new job salary:Accepting the first offer. Just don’t do it! You don’t know how high you could have gone if you don’t even try.Aiming too high. Be realistic in your salary expectations.Being too aggressive. A respectful tone is key to the process- after all, these will likely be your colleagues soon. Confidence and information are great tools- swagger is not.Accepting without knowing salary. If, in your excitement, you accept the job offer without knowing what your salary is (and having a chance to respond or negotiate), you put yourself at a major disadvantage.How to Negotiate If You’re Looking for a Raise/PromotionIf you’re already comfortable in your job and are seeking a merit-based raise, the process is a little different. No one is going to come to you and say, â€Å"You know what? You’ve been awesome this year. Take this extra cash.† The initiative is all on you. It’s easy for both employers and employees to get complacent. Once they have you in place, what’s their incentive to keep throwing money at you? Many companies have an automatic yearly raise in place, often at the cost-of-living level. But even if you can already expect a bump in your salary this year, there’s no reason you can’t try to negotiate and maximize that. And if your company doesn’t have an automatic raise mechanism in place, all the more reason to make a case that you deserve more.RELATED:  How to Negotiate Your Salary in an InterviewWhen Should You Start Negotiating?Your annual review is a pretty common time to kick off this process. Your manager is already thinking about your performance for the year, and may have promotions on the brain. However, you don’t necessarily need to wait for an official window for talking about salary. If you’ve come to the conclusion that you would like to ask for more money, all you really need to do is schedule time with your boss to sit down and discuss. Make sure you have set a time when both of you can concentrate- don’t do it on the f ly (like as you’re both getting coffee in the morning).What Tools Should You Have Ready to Go?Even though you’ve likely been at your job for a while, don’t rely on your boss’s institutional memory of what you’ve done. Be prepared to come up with your â€Å"I deserve a raise today† package from scratch. This is especially true if your current boss isn’t the one who hired you. Don’t make him or her dig through your HR file to get your resume from six years ago. Here’s what you should be prepared to bring to your meeting:Updated resume. An up-to-date resume isn’t a betrayal of your employer, or a sign you’re looking to jump ship. It’s a smart tool to have: a current record of what you’ve accomplished in the time since you’ve been hired.A target salary range. Similar to a new hire, you should know what you’re worth, professionally. Use sites like the S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Pa yscale.com, Salary.com, and GlassDoor.com to figure out where you should be aiming. This can be good for two reasons: a) If you’re making less than other people in similar roles, that’s a great talking point to have; and b) it prevents you from asking for the Moon when you should be asking for, say, a modest moon rock.Non-salary considerations. Would your life be easier if you could work from home one day a week? Can you get three extra vacation days? These are things to consider, especially if your company isn’t able or willing to meet your â€Å"suggested† new salary.A plan B. If your company can’t or won’t compensate you to a level you deserve based on your achievements and experience, then what’s your next move? Do you sigh, keep the status quo, and try again next year? Or do you decide that this is no longer a company you want to work for? Before you talk with your boss, have a sense of what you will do, pending different outcome s.How Should You Approach It?Long before you approach your boss about a raise, make sure you’re performing at the top of your game. Take on extra responsibilities, and make sure everything’s documented. Seek out leadership opportunities within your company. And always, always have specific examples in mind. You’ll need to justify the extra money, so having concrete talking points as to how you’ve gone above and beyond will make it easier for your boss to either approve, or pass it along to the next level for consideration.25% of people that asked for a raise got more money than they were expectingThe politics can be tricky with an in-house request for a raise. After all, you’re not facing a faceless HR person or someone you met once for an interview. You’re approaching someone you’ve worked with, possibly for a long time. According to research by Undercover Recruiter, people are anxious in general about asking for a raise- as many as 39% of people are hesitant to dive into the process, with a scant 26% of women and 40% of men feeling confident enough to go for it: Once you’ve gathered your data points and gathered the courage to approach your manager about a raise, make sure you keep a balanced, professional tone throughout. Even if you and your boss are best buds, remember that this is a relationship-neutral zone: he or she can’t reward you just for being a hilarious friend, or a co-conspirator in office shenanigans. Remember that you’re negotiating something as a professional, so act like the consummate professional who deserves more compensation.When Do You Settle? Or, When Do You Walk Away?Unlike a new job offer salary negotiation, you don’t have the same luxury of walking away from the process. If your boss says no, you still have to show up at work the next day. This is where your Plan B comes in handy. If you’d already decided that you’re going to move on if the c ompany doesn’t give you a raise, don’t quit in a snit. Calmly end the conversation with your boss, and quietly make plans to look for your next job opportunity. Remember, it’s easier to look for a job while you have a job, so don’t give up in anger and endanger your security in the meantime.So what do you think? Are you ready to approach your next salary discussion like the keen-eyed shark you can be?RELATED:  11 Tips for Getting the Salary You Want

Personal Statement for Urban and Regioanal Masters degree

For Urban and Regioanal Masters degree - Personal Statement Example My immediate plan is to take admission in an institute from where I can get a high quality education in urban and regional planning. My long-term goal is to serve the nation as a skilled project director by achieving a high post in some well-known organization. As I have studied urban development in my bachelors, I want to do further in this field by gaining perspectives in many areas, such as, historical preservation, planning law, economic development and transportation planning, and emergency preparedness planning in order to diversify my knowledge base and be able to apply new approaches to my work. With the knowledge I would attain with this degree, I would use my credentials to become a professional planner working in both development and policy streams and eventually become a planning executive supervising a large public organization in either Canada or the United States. As far as my professional experience is concerned, I have cultivated professional planning technical experience based on my interest in land use planning and have attained positions with progressive responsibilities. I have also been working within a public organization since graduating university. I have also gained leadership and teamwork experience by participating in some notable organizations, such as, Geography students association, Pre-Law society, model united nations society, and Sigma Nu fraternity kappa beta chapter. I wish to become a master’s degree candidate at your institution because I want to gain an accredited planning education from a prestigious university in order to remove any limitations in my career progress. My academic skills and relevant professional experience make me a suitable candidate to get admission in this university. I am sending this statement of purpose to get an opportunity to pursue my degree from this university. Having a

Data Requirements Strategic Supply Chain Management Essay

Data Requirements Strategic Supply Chain Management - Essay Example With these essential elements of the production process in the manufacturing of goods, the parts should be recorded in terms of the descriptions, brand and any other associated data. For instance, the term "bill of materials" may be used by various parts of the enterprise such as engineering, manufacturing, service and sales; although they may all have different definitions of what the bill of materials actually means. Even the basic terms "product" and "parts" may have several definitions within an enterprise. Since a manufacturing company makes use of numerous parts, inventory will help them with communicating clearly with other departments as to which parts are still needed or which have defects and have to be replaced, etc. An effective manufacturing product data model can lead to more integrated and comprehensive product data and information by clearly showing the information requirements of the products, parts and items throughout their life cycle from engineering to manufacturing to the deployment of products at customer locations. Relevant data which may be included in the record are the part identification number, name, and classification which may range from raw material, subassembly or finished good. Raw material is a piece used in making the product and does not need further enhancements for it to be usable. Subassembly means that the part is still composed of other parts. Finished good means that the part is completely done and processed and is ready for shipping. Product information need to indicate the product identification number, name, description, introduction date, sales discontinuation date, support discontinuation date and comments. Bills of materials and marketing packages are also part of the data required for manufacturing process. Manufacturers frequently use the term "bill of materials" to refer to how various parts are assembled into other parts and eventually into products. An enterprise may have a need to store parts used in a MARKETING PACKAGE that are never sold as individual products. Bills of materials consist of parent product identification number, child product identification number, from date, thru date, reason, quantity used, instructions and comments. Part composition has the same information with the bills of materials except for the classification which are engineering composition and manufacturing composition. Types of marketing offerings and types of parts that make up the marketing offerings are important and aside fro this inventory and deployment data should complete the data requirements for manufacturing process. Of course, there are actual physical items that may exist within the enterprise's inventory or that may be deployed at customer locations. Customer service data requirements deals with customer personal data which ranges from financial information, demographics, contact information professional and educational; background. These customer data are confidential and restricted access is provided with the creation and update of these records. While such "point deployments" bring immediate process and data efficiencies to the particular

Unite Habitation Marseilles By Le Corbusier

Unite Habitation Marseilles By Le Corbusier Unità © DHabitation Marseilles by Le Corbusier was actually the starting point of all basic theories regarding town planning and dwellings that we have today. The giant, twelve-storey apartment block can fit 1 600 people is cast to solve a severe post Second World War housing shortage. It is specially build up to human scale and also emphasize the beauty of using bare concrete (J.R Curtis, 1996). Le Corbusier compare the bare concrete of the Unità © to human skin, which shows it age and character it flaws.which. The building is situated on a nine acre site on the outskirts of Marseille, has an east-west orientation. It is 450 feet long, 80 feet wide and 185 high (Birkhauser, 1995). The apartments, all built on two levels, are conceived as individual bottlerack. The northern faà §ade is empty, while the other facades are filled by the glass walls and sunbreak loggias of the living area (Choay F, 1960). The design of this Unità © is according to solar shading, ventilation, and also passive heating due to the position of the faà §ade. Unità © DHabitation Marseilles consists of 377 different apartments. It includes 23 discrete types of apartments ranging for single occupants as well for big families (Choay F,1960). Basically, the structure of this building is simple; a rectilinear building which has different precast individual units slotted into it. Le Corbusier intends to make it that way, so it looks like bottles into a wine rack; because that is how he derives the idea of this Unità © DHabitation. 15 measures of the Modulor are also used to dimension the Unità © (Birkhauser, 1995). Right after the Second World War, as what had been expected from the static surrounding of the France government, Le Corbusiers promotion of his urban dwelling proposals were quite complex to be realized due to some of the political issues that is happening by that time. (Choay F, 1960). However, Le Corbusiers resolution to this historical conflict of individuals and collective was the Unità © DHabitation. This so called vertical garden city of the Unità © DHabitation assured that this Unità © can bring phenomenal changes to the whole situation of the post-war. Le Corbusier classified this unit as the extended dwelling, due to the services and facilities provided to the individual home through collective (Choay F, 1960). To intensify the idea of Unità © DHabitation as a collective housing prototype, he eventually filled it with with various professional offices, shops and services. These apartments are made distinctive to each other by having twos and overlap head to foot along the inside corridors named interior streets. These streets were placed on every two floors giving passage to apartments that is paired at the level of the living room (in the lower apartments). Le Corbusier also deliberated all the corridors as instruments of the collective. He even made these interior streets in his urban theory as the sixth in a hierarchy of seven ways of urban circulation (Choay F, 1960). Besides that, level 7 and 8 of the Unità © was bringing together commercial stores such as food, apparel, pharmacy and even hairdresser. On the other hand which is the 18th level, the terrace roof was accommodating with a number of facilities for collective use: day nursery, kindergarten, gymnasium for adults, open-air theater and even a 300 meter race track (J.R Curtis, 1996). THE ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER Biography and Influences Le Corbusiers real name is Charles-Edouard Jeanneret. He was born on 6 October 1887 in La Chaux-de-Fonds Switzerlands. He was the second son of Georges-Edouard Jeanneret, a dial-painter in watch industry and and Madame Marie-Charlotte-Amelie Jeanneret-Perret, a musician and piano teacher (Deborah G, 2006). His familys Calvanism, very enthusiastic for the Jura Mountains, love the arts and Charles LEplattenier, a teacher at a local art school were all formative influences on the young Le Corbusier. In particular, LEplattenier played important roles in his artistic development were also very active in searching for a new kind of aesthetics, that could represent the Jura Landscape and could be used by local craft industry. Le Corbusier became an apprentice to a watch engraver; however he had to give it up later on due to his poor eyesight. He began to study decorative art with an aim to become a painter but he also studied architecture on the advice of LEplattenier whom he called My Mast er (Deborah G, 2006). Le Corbusier travelled to many countries as a way to improve himself. After completing his first house, Villa Pallet, in 1907, in 1908 to 1912, he had travelled to Vienna, Paris, Munich, Italy, Eastern Europe and also Acropolis. Due to travelling, he became more familiar with the latest architectural movements such as the structural rationalism of Auguste Perret, a pioneer of reinforced concrete construction, and the Werkbund perspective of Peter Behrens which were total different from the LEplatteniers theories (Deborah G, 2006). He went back to La Chaux-de-Fonds in 1912 and started to teach along with LEplattenier and started his own independent architectural studio. Before the First World War, Le Corbusier spent few months in Germany where he is still frequented Behrens studio and by that time he is acquainted with the Werkbund. However, the war intteruptes his career and he spent for years as a teacher at his old school in La-Chaux-de-Fonds (Deborah G, 2006). During the war, Le Corbusier conducted a research on the Modulor, a rule of proportion that is based on quadrature and Golden Section to measure the human body. Later in Unite DHabitation, he applied the Modulor system and extended it to both large and small dimensions. This was a great tradition as a continuation to the Renaissance anthropometries, to Vitruvius and even Pythagoras (Deborah G, 2006). Immediately after the war, Le Corbusier returned to Paris. He met Amà ©dà ©e Ozenfant, a Cubist painter and both of them together publish their manifesto, Aprà ¨s le cubisme and established a new artistic movement, Purism, which is called for the restoration of the integrity of the object in art in 1918 (Choay F, 1960). They also published a journal named LEspirit Nouveau. Le Corbusier piled up essays from the journal in a book Vers Une Architecture. In the essays, he came up with a proposal that architecture by that time should satisfy both the demands from the industry and the perpetual architectural form as defined in antiquity (Deborah G, 2006). Influenced by problems that he saw in industrial cities at the turning of the century which is between the 19th and 20th century, Le Corbusier eventually become the pioneer of the modernist movement. He planned and thought of a way to create a better society and living conditions by creating a new housing concept since industrial housing techniques led to overcrowding, dirty and lack of moral landscape. By that time, he was also heavily influenced by Ebenezer Howards Garden Cities of Tomorrow (Birkhauser, 1995). In 1922, Le Corbusier and his cousin, Pierre Jeanneret formed an architect partnership. They placed their office in the corridor of a former Jesuit Monastery at 35, Rue de Sevres. It eventually remained forever as Le Corbusiers office for the rest of his life. Le Corbusier died while swimming in the Mediterranean due to heart attack (Choay F, 1960). LE CORBUSIER Le Corbusiers Philosophy Impact Modulor System Le Corbusier was famous for his use of mathematics in his architecture. By that, he eventually develops a system called Modulor System which is a rule of proportion that pertains the geometric proportion of Quadrature and Golden Section the measure of human body (Deborah G, 2006). It is very interesting to see how he sees the Golden Section (the use of geometry of phi), Ancient Egyptians pyramid and Greeks Phytogoras as an inspiration for him to developed this modulor system. It is quite obvious that Le Corbusier was admiring Classicism. This can be seen as he was referring to Vitruvius, Leonardo and Alberti by the time he develops this Modulor System based on the human bodys proportions. And actually that was how the modulor system came up in his own unique modernization of those classical ideas; proportion, harmony and balance (Judi Loach, 1998) The Golden Section and quadrature were parts of the classical methods that had been before until the Renaissance. However, Le Corbusier wanted to do something with it and thus he developed an ideal proportion that would help the designer in integrating human scale in mind while designing. He eventually make the Modulor system to become an international methodology that could be a guideline in the design process. In addition to that, he also translated it to inches so that everyone including the non-metric countries could use the system (Judi Loach, 1998). According to him, the idea for this Modulor system was from a vision of hypothetical man inscribed with three overlapping but contiguous squares. However, there was also a few problems with that earlier Modulor system. Figure 2 The images shows the Red and Blue series of Modulor (Judi Loach, 1998) Nevertheless, after a few experimentation, Le Corbusier came up to a settlement on a six foot tall (1.828m) English, male, body with an upraised arm (Judi Loach, 1998). The man was placed in a box that was subdivided correspond to the Golden Section. It was then further divided using a variation of the Fibonacci series, with two scales that ended up establishing a double-helix, which Le Corbusier mentioned them as the Red and the Blue series. Basically, this Unite DHabitation was the first experimental site for the application of modulor (Deborah G, 2006). Every element in the building can be illustrated by usng the fifteen Modulor units. Those fifteen Modulor units are described in the steel of measure, the first stone and the human figures inscribed in the building. A polychromy so dazzling that the mind was forcibly detached from the dissonances, carried away in the irresistible torrent of major color sensations (Deborah G, 2006). However, the brise-soleils framed was misproportioned by mistake. To deal with that, Le Corbusier paint the bare exterior with polychromy colours, which consist of different fascinating colours to attract the users mind rather than realizing the misproportioned of the brise-soleils framed. He also acknowledged that the human error was one of the way to get an inspiration. (Judi Loach, 1998). It is very interesting to see how Le Corbusier used mathematics to solve his design on each space. His use of mathematics through Modulor system while designing the Unità © DHabitation Marseilles seems to be contrasting to him as an artist. In addition, it also shows that he really use human proportion while designing which shows a good thing which every architect should really done that, considering human proportions. It is very clear how he used the figure of the man to eventually show the proportion of the space that he is creating. That is very interesting because even though a person has never been to that place, he/she can still imagine the space at the building through this image. Five Points of Architecture So we designed a structural system, a frame, completely independent of the functions of the plan of the house: this frame simply supports the flooring and the staircaseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Le Corbusier, 1914. Le Corbusier developed his Five Points of Architecture based on his Dom-ino housing scheme that he was working on during 1914. Thus, he came to a solution where he labeled the scheme as a quick and inexpensive way of reconstructing the city. In the end, he came out with above statement to solve the housing shortage by that time (Judi Loach, 1998). It was also the pioneering moment when the use of reinforced concrete starts to get around. From his attempt to bring up the standardized house, he eventually made up his Five Points of Architecture. Le Corbusier put on his own theory of this Five Points of Architecture in his book titled Towards A New Architecture, that later on become a guideline for his own building design and it become a trend for other architects too. His five points or architecture consists of the pilotis, roof gardens, free plan, vertical faà §ade, and long horizontal windows. For the first point, the columns are lift up from the ground to allow lights to penetrate through it. It also saves the ground space for parking and garden. It obviously creates a circulation space under the building.The second point is the roof garden, where the roof space is being benefited to something else. In Unite DHabitation Marseilles, the roof terrace on the top is said to be replacing the lost land under the building that was supposedly meant for recreation. The third one is the free plan. This free plan means it is free from any column support. Instead, it was supported by skeleton structure and thus helping it to be free from any interior partitions. However, since the partition walls among the apartments are load-bearing, it makes the facades to become free and thus enabling sound-proofing in between those apartments. It can be said as part o f the building success to combine both privacy and communal living. However, the free plan has become the free volume instead since the two-story apartments were integrated to each other and the entrance corridor and elevator were only needed at the third level. (Simon Glynn, 2001). The fourth point is the vertical faà §ade that supports the building. The free facades is said to be so due to the exterior walls that are not using the load bearing walls anymore, thus creating a free structural sense due to the skeleton structure. And for the fifth point is the long horizontal windows, which are the ribbon windows that can eventually helps in better ventilation and lighting (Simon Glynn, 2001). To sum up, using this Five Points of Architecture, Le Corbusier was actually creating a new possibilities for interior and exterior connection and the interior connection itself. (J.R Curtis, 1996). Purism to Brutalism Le Corbusier has built many villas and small apartment and even office building during his early years. However, Le Corbusier recognized his own style pure prisms. It was basically consists of rectangular concrete blocks, glass and steel, building lift up from the ground and even roof gardens. It also used very pure colour, as the principle that they were using by that time is that colour was associated with purity, simplicity and health (Birkhauser, 1995). Purism combined both Le Corbusier and Amà ©dà ©e Ozenfan (Choay F, 1960). They declared their own manifesto titled Aprà ¨s le Cubisme highlighting that a design approach should have give more attention to the main and simple one, which is the more important form of the objects. They did not agree and criticized the heir of Cubism which has been bringing up an art that is totally decorative and ornamental because they made up a point that fantasy and individuality would never be in modern art (Choay F, 1960). Le Corbusier shifted from purism towards another movement after the World War 11. He pioneered a movement so called Brutalism in the 1960s and 1970s (Frampton, 1992). Brutal, as dull as it is was showing the truth of the materials. However, Le Corbusier believes that it was more truthful to Modernisms basic principle (Birkhauser, 1995). For Unite DHabitation Marseilles, Le Corbusier was exploring the use of breton brut (raw concrete) for the buiding itself. A pebbled effect of concrete was brought to the buildings by bush-hammering (Birkhauser, 1995).

Jesus as Messiah, Prophet and Son of Man

Jesus, being both divine and human, is attributed the roles of Messiah, prophet and Son of Man.   The three roles are distinct from each other but the role of Messiah is the most controversial of the three because of the difference between Judaic expectation and Jesus’ interpretation of the role.   On the other hand, the roles Prophet and Son of Man are more easily acceptable by any culture or religion as they view the historical Jesus, but each is no less important.   Jesus’ prophetic role enables him to become a direct messenger from God, and his humanity provides empathy with human attitudes and feelings.   His humanity also emphasizes that his ability to feel pain contributes to the reality of his sacrifice during his suffering, and death by crucifixion.Jesus is the Son in the Holy Trinity and this gives him the identity of God incarnate, being both human and divine.   Though through Jesus’ omniscient messianic role, the prophetic role is already ex pected, there are aspects about his ministry that distinguish the role of Messiah from the role of prophet.   Moreover, while these are divine facets of Jesus, his identity as the Son of Man, or being truly human, is equally important because it gives more importance to his sacrifices, especially his death by crucifixion.   Meanwhile, Jesus complies with the general description of the prophesied Judaic Messiah (Croatto, 2005, p. 464), having been born as a descendant of David, but the Jews   are expecting more in terms of a Messiah who will save his people from physical bondage.Jesus is recognized more as the Messiah rather than a prophet, because it is through being the Messiah that he is able to save while as a prophet he merely foretells what is to come, like many other prophets.   However, Jesus’ role as Messiah has become the most controversial of his facets.   The Jewish people are more ready to accept Jesus as a fully human prophet than being the actual Messi ah because of the different expectations attached by the Jews to the role of Messiah: â€Å"All the prophets affirmed that the Messiah will redeem Israel, save them, gather their dispersed, and confirm the commandments.But he caused Israel to be destroyed by the sword, their remnant to be dispersed and humiliated† (Wolf, 2001, p. 370).   In their great suffering, the Jews have longed for a Savior that will fight physically in order to save them, like a much more powerful version of human kings.   Jesus, on the other hand, has come to die for people’s sins, to save the soul instead of the body. His messianic role also involves healing.   â€Å"Jesus’ miraculous deeds in Matthew, therefore, are replete with eschatological significance and point to Jesus’ messianic identity† (Cousland, 2003, p. 770); people have waited for a Messiah who can heal.   There are many instances in the bible which refers to Jesus’ healing of physical afflicti ons along with spiritual ones.He has raised people from the dead, has cured life-threatening diseases and has released demons from the bodies of those afflicted both spiritually and physically.   He therefore, has demonstrated apt evidence that support his messianic identity.   Nevertheless, in a time of conflict and doubt, this is not apparent to people who have hungered for someone who can liberate them and have waited for so long for the fulfillment of a prophesied warrior who will bring about justice and peace.   As a result, Jesus has been tagged as a â€Å"Messianic pretender† (Wolf, 2001, p. 370).Jesus’ role of Prophet is prevalent in the Gospel of Luke.   Though overshadowed by his Messianic role, it is a more tangible role that is also supported by prophecy, particularly in Deuteronomy.   Jesus is described as the â€Å"new Moses† and a â€Å"Teacher† (Croatto, 2005, p. 454).   It is also important to know that Jesus has described him self as prophet in Luke 13:33, and is a healer-preacher like the prophet Elijah.   As a prophet, the historical Jesus is compared to past prophets like Moses and Elijah. â€Å"The prophet Jesus is the paradigm for the Christian prophetic mission.To see Christ, the Messiah, as heavenly king and monarch is not very suitable today, because of so many sad experiences of many monarchies in our world† (Croatto, 2005, p. 465).  Ã‚   This means that during these times, the image of Jesus as prophet is more important.   It can become a practical framework for modern prophets or missionaries intent in spreading the word of God.   In today’s world, monarchs and other political leaders are regarded with some trepidation or criticism.   The Jews of Jesus’ time may be longing for a Messiah who will rule as a king but today’s people will want to hear a preacher or to go to a healer.   Croatto’s statement can also mean that Jesus’ interpretation of his role of Messiah through his work as prophet and healer is a good manifestation of messianic identity.As has been mentioned earlier, Jesus’ role of Son of Man, or being truly human, adds to the magnitude of his works.   It is curious then to know the implications if Jesus’ come to the world of his people as a purely divine Messiah without a true understanding of the human condition, instead of becoming God turned Man.   In becoming the Son of Man, he fully empathizes with his people but it also means that he is not the warrior king that everyone has been expecting from a divine Messiah.   Furthermore, Jesus has become truly human to become a good example to his people of what it is to be truly human.   â€Å"The essence of divinity is fully realized humanity.   Therefore, only God is truly human, and the task set before human beings are to become human as God is human†¦Jesus serves as our model of true humanity† (Burkett, May 2002, p. 43).J esus is Messiah, Prophet and Son of Man, human and divine, and these aspects of his role in the world is emphasized by his preaching and healing.   Though Jesus is not the Savior that the Jewish people have expected, his Messianic role and prophetic mission are supported by the Scriptures.   His Messianic role is manifested in his healing, his prophetic mission through his teachings and his humanity through a direct understanding of the human condition.References:  Ã‚  BIBLIOGRAPHY   l 1033   Burkett, D. (May 2002). Our Man Jesus. Christian Century , 43-46.Cousland, J. (2003). Book Review: Messiah, the Healer of the Sick: A Study of Jesus as the Son David in  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Gospel of Matthew. Journal of Biblical Literature , 768-771.Croatto, J. S. (2005). Jesus, Prophet like Elijah, and Prophet Teacher like Moses in Luke – Acts. 451-465.Wolf, A. J. (2001). Jesus and the Jews.

Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury - 2826 Words

Imagine a world where no one thought for themselves, everything the citizens know is spoon fed to them via electronics, large televisions and audio devices, the only books were that of comics or those regarding rules and history that were approved by the government. Imagine a life in which everything is filtered to prevent anyone from being offended or experience a feeling of discomfort. This world does not exist in our society today, but it does within the pages of Ray Bradbury’s novel entitled Fahrenheit 451. Bradbury depicts a dystopian society filled with mechanic-like, mindless, and thoughtless individuals living a life they think is normal and comfortable, but to people of intelligence, people with an interest in freedom of thoughts and mental stimulation, this society seems controlled, close-minded and wrong. Fahrenheit 451 is a creative, thought provoking piece of literature that encompasses a futuristic society in which books are illegal and banned. Through an analysis of the novel and use of research, specifically focused on characterization, the reader will see and understand an assortment of characters. Bradbury constructed dynamic, flat, and round characters throughout the story that help the plot to develop, rise into conflict, and culminate in a finale where the protagonist rises above the rubble as a new, changed man with a life of opportunity ahead. The characters provide a great foundation to expose the many themes discovered in the story of FahrenheitShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworke rs start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clearly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was censored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by reader s) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (lessons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbury’s original message of the book shows the beauty of traditional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas--are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseR ead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dystopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in people’s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. 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The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

Music And Its Effect On Society - 1080 Words

Music can produce many effects, mental and physical, in listeners and participants. Cultures throughout history have recognized these effects and used music for healing, productivity, and socialization. Currently different aspects that affect individuals’ chemistry, development, and performance are being studied. The placebo effect, a common mind over matter concept, will be looked at in its relation to music. The chemistry behind music is not as revolutionary as one might assume. For simplicity music is stimuli and the body has automatic responses to it. The base response is the brain stem reacting to the tempo of the music (Chanda and Levitin pg 186). Music increases blood flow in several regions of the brain, and dopamine bonding which allows for better processing and more enjoyment (pg 182). When stimulating or fast music was played cortisol levels increased, and with relaxing music cortisol decreased; cortisol opens pathways used for anti-stress and anti-inflammato ry processes. Listening to music and singing also increased production of Immunoglobulin A, an antibody (Chanda and Levitin pg 184). This chemistry is the body preparing itself for action; this action will be discussed to better explain what is happening when music is listened to. There is widespread public knowledge of music’s effect on the development of children, mentally and physically. Participating in Physical Education activities paired with music with clear rhythms assists in theShow MoreRelatedMusic And Its Effect On Society1500 Words   |  6 Pages Music as life provider, never would I have suspected that music could possess a strong element in treating the human body, despite the pure entertainment, music can give to us, it cannot compare to how it affects people. The main reason for it would be how it is used for medical purposes, how it is affecting us (health wise), and how it helps educationally. There are a lot of interesting aspects that music brings and it is identified as analgesic and anxiolytic. It has been used as a therapeuticRead MoreMusic And Its Effect On Society1524 Words   |  7 PagesMusic to Mind Statistics show that the average American listens to around four hours of music each day (Stutz 2). This means that Americans listen to roughly 1,460 hours of some type of music every year. If people listen to this much music, there has to be a way to use it for good. Once people stop thinking about music as just an extracurricular or a way to pass time, the music movement will grow by showing others what crazy things it can do. Right now, America is all about using everyday activitiesRead MoreRap Music And Its Effect On Society Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthink that it is only classical music that has a positive effect on society because of its soft tune and melody, but in fact rap music can have that same effect. The reason that some people think rap music leads to violence is because gang members can often be found listening to rap music, and they dress in the urban clothing style of rappers. The reality is that rap music is greatly misunderstood. The media often portrays rap music as negative and focuses on rap music more when it is related to somethingRead MoreRap Music And Its Effects On Society1535 Words   |  7 Pagesmore recent rap music that glorifies sexual themes, practices and criminal mischief. This violent rap music has been seen to have harmful and undesirable effects on the behavior of adolescents as seen in many academic journals and a couple of long term scientific experiments. Even though many have acknowledged these negative effects seen in rap music of this time, some have used rap music to relay more positive messages such as using rap music in church sermons or just releasing music without the crudeRead MoreRap Music And Its Effects On Society1860 Words   |  8 Pageslyrics over a basic beat or rhythm. Many members of society today assume that rap is a dangerous and violent influence, however what they seem to be ignorant of is the fact that rap music is actually beneficial. The majority of the world we live in today has unjustl y classified rap as a barbaric form of music, unfit for any decent human to listen to, but the reality of the situation is, that people simply cannot accept the culture known as rap into society. Nowadays, rappers such as Kanye, Soulja Boi,Read MoreElectronic Music And Its Effect On Society1595 Words   |  7 Pages When it comes to electronic music the general assumption is that it is mindless noise that can be created by anyone with a music program and a laptop. The reality is that the process of creating electronic music is very complicated and tedious. It is also likely that the same people that say they dislike electronic music or that it isn’t real music enjoy listening to it without their knowledge of it. Electronic music is not only found almost everywhere but creating it can be compared to writingRead MoreMusic Therapy And Its Effects On Society1697 Words   |  7 PagesFortunately, for the people facing these issues, there is. Music therapy is a relatively n ew approach that doctors, teachers, and many others are taking to help heal and improve the quality of life for their patients and students. It’s starting to become more common around the United States and is expected to become even more popular in the future. Books like Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart support the idea of music therapy by demonstrating how music can be used to soothe and improve the moods of individualsRead MoreChinese Music And Its Effect On Society1622 Words   |  7 Pages Chinese Music has been around for thousands of years. Their music is created to entertain the high royals in china as well the people. According to the China Highlights, the traditional music was so important because it was the ideal society to help conduct and govern them. It was also used for not for entertainment, but for musicians to accomplish a political and social goal. For more than centuries, learning how to play an instrument was taught at a very young age. Growing up, they would goRead MoreRap Music And Its Effect On Society1915 Words   |  8 PagesAs a whole, â€Å"Rap music† is a misrepresentation of black culture. Rap teaches youth that violence, demeaning women and participating in criminal activity are acceptable in today’s society. Despite the rap artists’ that do use self-expression as a means of changing the way listeners view society, rap music contradicts the good that it can create. Rap is proven detrimental toward society, despite the p olitical views most believe it provides. Simply stated, raps contradictive nature makes it impossibleRead MoreMusic Therapy And Its Effect On Society1786 Words   |  8 Pagesabout my own experiences with music and how music affects all mankind, I wondered how others were affected by music. Does music really make a difference or is it just an opinion. As early as the days of Aristotle and Plato, it was believed music had healing powers. (1- AMTA) When I began researching music therapy, it was much different than what I expected but I do believe it is a career that can beneficial to all. As I continued to explore the benefits of music therapy, I found much research